Atmospheric sludge/post-metal form Oakland, California, USA. Formed in December 1985 by Scott Kelly (guitar, vocals), Dave Edwardson (bass, vocals) and Jason Roeder (drums) as a hardcore punk band, when all three left their previous band Violent Coercion. Over the years their sound progressed towards a sludge/doom metal style that also included influences from dark ambient and industrial music as well as incorporating elements of folk music.

The band runs their own independent record label Neurot Recordings since the late 1990s.

In August 2022 the band announced that Scott Kelly was expelled from Neurosis in 2019.
On 20 March 2026 Neurosis re-emerged with a new album and the addition of Aaron Turner to the lineup, who joined the band in April 2024..

Other releases:
July 1986 - Demo (cassette, self-released)

Current lineup:
Dave Edwardson - bass (1985–present), vocals (1985–1997, 2026–present), backing vocals (1992–present), Moog synthesizer (1998–1999, 2003–2004), effects ("space") (2003–2004)
Jason Roeder - drums (1985–2025, 2025–present), percussion (1993–2025, 2025–present)
Steve Von Till - guitar, vocals (1989–present), percussion (1993–2000), sounds ("filters & textures") (2003–2004)
Noah Landis - keyboards, synthesizers, effects, programming, samples, sounds (1995–present), backing vocals (1998–2000, 2006–present)
Aaron Turner - guitar, vocals (2024–present)

Former members:
Scott Kelly - vocals, guitar (1985–2019), percussion (1993–2000)
Chad Salter - guitar, backing vocals (1987–1988)
Pete Rypins - guitar (1988–1989)
Simon McIlroy - keyboards, synthesizers, samples, programming, production, backing vocals (1991–1995), visual art (1991–1993)
Adam Kendall - visual artist (1991–1993)
Pete Inc. - visual artist (1993–2000), additional percussion (1993–2000)
Josh Graham - visual artist (2000–2012)

Technical personnel:
Dave Clark - live sound engineer (1996–present)

Former technical personnel:
Pete Rypins - roadie, driver (1988–1989), live sound engineer (1988–1989), guitar (1988–1989)
Pete the Roadie - roadie, road crew (?–?)
Paula Hibbs-Rines (aka Mrs. Roadie) - roadie (?–?)
Damon Kelly - stage technician (?–?)
Domenic Seita - stage technician (?–?)